Indonesia at COP30
GOI has shown its interest in becoming more of a green bridge at the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) held in Belém, Brazil. The Environment Minister Hanif Nurofiq, stated that Indonesia aims to cut emissions by 1.2–1.5 gigatons of CO2 equivalent by 2035, raise the share of renewable energy in its energy mix to 23% by 2030, as well as advance clean technology development. During the COP30, GOI highlighted its carbon market program and launched blue carbon initiative which position mangroves, seagrass beds, and tidal salt marshes as emission reduction components.
Critics of government policies continue to project coal and gas as dominant energy sources, supplying over 60% of the country’s energy for the next 20 years. These are reflected in national energy plans KEN (2025), PLN’s 2025–2034 supply plan, and the 2025–2045 national electricity roadmap. Therefore, more work is needed to ensure the above objectives are achieved. The UNFCCC emphasized that a just shift from fossil fuels to clean energy creates new jobs. Solar and wind are now the cheapest energy sources, and investments in clean energy infrastructure are outpacing fossil fuels by a 2:1 ratio.